Thursday, December 27, 2007

Sickly Children with Pale Faces: Vitamin C, Niacin, and Multivitamins Can Help

Working together, vitamin C, niacin, and multivitamin supplements can accelerate the return of good health to a sickly infant or toddler. The word accelerate is used to acknowledge that most sickly children will regain ordinary health by following standard pediatric care. The vitamin supplements complement the treatments provided by pediatricians. The best results are obtained by using supplements and any medications/treatments advised by a child’s pediatrician.

I recommend three supplements that are inexpensive and easy to find. These are 500 mg chewable vitamin C tablets, children’s chewable multivitamins, and 250 mg time-release niacin gel caps or tablets. If you have a toddler with a pale face and dark circles under the eyes, feed him or her 6 of the vitamin C tablets, one multivitamin, and 1/2 of one 250 mg time-release niacin gel cap or tablet. Follow up with 4 more vitamin C tablets before bedtime. Many toddlers are happy to take one kid’s chewable multivitamin and lots of chewable vitamin C. These taste good. The half niacin gel cap or tablet is the only toddler-unfriendly ingredient. Fortunately, niacin has a mild flavor. Add half the contents of the gel cap (or a half tablet crushed into chunks) to ice cream or pudding, or some other soft, toddler-friendly food. The niacin may cause the toddler to flush – a temporary reddening of the skin. Although the flushing can be unpleasant, it is harmless. Further, flushing is unusual with time-release niacin gel caps at such a low dosage. Keep going with 125 mg/day of time release niacin and the vitamin C, 4 chewable tablets every morning and every bedtime until the dark circles are gone and are replaced by rosy cheeks. 4 chewable vitamin C tablets and a multivitamin should be taken every day, even when healthy. I recommend 1/2 of one 250 mg time-release niacin supplement once or twice per week for healthy kids.

Several lines of reasoning supporting my recommendations follow. Vitamins are necessary catalysts used to complete the challenging task of transforming an egg and sperm into a healthy adult. Read more here and here. Vitamins help children develop immunity towards infectious diseases. This is especially important during the early daycare years when a typical child gets 8 to 10 colds per year. Read more here, here, here, and here. Environmental toxins (heavy metals are of particular concern) are steadily accumulating in the environment making the utopian goal of error-free growth and development even more challenging. Read more here, here, here, here, and here. The ordinary rough and tumble of a healthy childhood typically causes uncountable minor injuries (wounds) such as bruises, scrapes, inflammation from viral or bacterial infections, and burns (including sun burns and chemical burns such a poison ivy). Read more here, here, and here. Finally, vitamin deficiency diseases have not been completely eliminated. Self-starvation in adolescence remains tragically common and is most often referred to as anorexia and bulimia (eating disorders). Read more here and here.

The primary concern of parents and regulators is safety. Parents can confidently provide their children with up to 4,000 mg/day of vitamin C every day and up to 10,000 mg/day when they are fighting colds. The only risk is short-term discomfort. If 500 or 1000 mg turns out to be the optimal dose for their specific child, no parent will care as long as 4000 mg/day is safe and remains free of discomforts. In other words, if a parent is supplementing his/her children with 4000 mg/day and the children are healthy and happy, that parent is unlikely to explore lower doses in order to find an optimum.

All parents, not just those of sickly children with pale faces, should consider vitamin C, time-release niacin, and multivitamin supplements for their children. The children have everything to gain and almost nothing to lose by giving this approach a try.

4 Comments:

At 1:30 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

my daughter has dark cirles under her eyes. She has had them since she was very young and they tend to get worse when she has a cold. They seem to be getting more intense as she is getting older. She is three years old and I had them when I was young as well. I consulted her doctor and she recommended half a multivitamin with iron. My doctor when I was young recommended vitamin b shots. I am just afraid that your dosage would be too much for her system.

 
At 8:46 PM, Blogger Steve said...

Anonymous,

I understand your fear. I researched vitamin side effects intensively before I provided my children with vitamin C, niacin, and multivitamins.

Your situation with your daughter is not an emergency. , so you can proceed with caution. Go ahead and start with two 500 mg tablets of chewable vitamin C (one at breakfast and one at dinner), one kids chewable vitamin, and 60 mg of time-release niacin (cut the 250 mg tablet into quarters instead of halves). Then build up to the dose I recommend. I'd be really surprised if your daughter had a bad reaction to these doses. Once you built up to my recommendations, I'd be surprised, but not shocked, if your daughter developed a side effect.

I consider these doses conservative. I supplemented my son with more than double these doses. That said, everyone in my family has suffered some from vitamin side effects. We are not sorry - the benefits have greatly exceeded the discomforts.

 
At 1:22 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

thanks for your comment, I have two question regarding your answer.
First how often do I do the conservative dosage (once a week??daily; for how long?) and what would be some of the side effects?

 
At 10:49 PM, Blogger Steve said...

Anonymous,

I was thinking daily. If you did this every other day, it would be twice as conservative, and you'd be that much farther away from the daily doses recommended in the main post. That said, every other day is also a perfectly good action to take.

Regarding side effects, I highly recommend a book called "The Right Dose" by Patricia Hausman. There are lots of known side effects from vitamins. All of the side effects cause discomfort. None of them cause any permanent harm. If you are worried that the vitamins are causing your daughter discomfort, stop the vitamins for a few days. If the vitamin is the cause, she will get steadily better. Then reintroduce the vitamin at double the normal dose. If the vitamin is the cause, the discomfort will return immediately.

The multivitamin is highly unlikely to cause any side effects since it contains only 1 RDA of vitamins and minerals. I'd have to review Hausman's entire book to communicate all the potential side effects of all the nutrients.

The side effects from vitamin C are overwhelmingly gastrointestinal - cramps, bloating, gas, loose stool. The Food and Nutrition Board has determined that these side effects are rare in adults at doses below 2000 mg/day. In my experience, toddlers have a significantly higher tolerance for vitamin C. I do not believe in dosing vitamins by body weight. Anyway, the vitamin C side effects will be obvious to both you and your daughter.

Niacin causes one obvious side effects. Niacin causes flushing - a temporary reddening of the skin. The intensity of the flush is generally proportional to the dose. The experience can range from minor reddening and tingling to turning lobster red and feeling like you are on fire. The flush lasts no more than 1 hour.

The next most common side effect is nausea. Should you decide to stick with niacin supplements as I recommend, I strongly recommend stopping all the vitamins whenever your child has a sick stomach.

Other niacin side effects are rare - but there are so many that taken together, to experience one is not so rare. Lots of them are neurological - itchy spots, vision problems, ringing ears, bad feelings. I've personally experienced many of these side effects. Oddly enough, they are not reproducible. I still take niacin and I am not currently experiencing any of these odd side effects. If you supplement your daughter, and she experiences any discomforts, please come back to the blog and ask, "could this problem be a vitamin side effects". I obsessively collect reports of vitamin side effects and can speak knowledgably to any specific question. For whatever it is worth, I have seen no vitamin side effects in the 20-odd toddlers I know who took these vitamins in the dose range I recommend. I know lots of adults that have had trouble with side effects.

A final comment - please click on the links in the main post to previous posts on using extra vitamin C and extra niacin to fight off colds. Toddlers can sometimes feel the effect of extra vitamin C and niacin immediately. Many toddlers like the taste of the orange chewable vitamin C tablets and will ask for more when they have a cold. When your daughter has a cold is the right time to test your comfort zone. Think about giving her more and asking her if it makes her feel better and if she wants even more.

OK - to your final question - for how long? Keeping up the regimen until the pale face and dark circles are gone, and returning to the regimen every time your daughter gets a cold (or other respiratory infection), is the minimum. I blog week after week to convince parents to maintain the regimen until children are full grown, but I can understand why you might choose to back off if your daughter regains excellent health.

Thanks for your excellent questions, and don't hesitate to ask for clarification.

 

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